With the same chemical composition, different smelting processes, different ingredients and ingredient ratios, the metallurgical quality of molten iron is completely different. To obtain a good carburizing effect, the electric furnace adopts the carburizing technology, and the cupola adopts the high-temperature smelting technology. The influence of carburant on smelting mainly has three aspects.

1. The molten iron carburization technology can increase the graphite crystal nucleus during the smelting process, especially the electric furnace smelting. Adding silicon carbide to cupola smelting can also increase the long-term graphite nuclei of molten iron and reduce the oxidation of molten iron.

2. Carbon increase is the best measure to prevent or reduce shrinkage tendency. Due to the effect of graphitization expansion in the solidification process of molten iron, good graphitization will reduce the shrinkage tendency of molten iron.

3. Under the condition of high carbon content, in order to obtain high-strength gray iron castings, the smelting process adopts the process of adding carburant to all scrap steel, so that the molten iron is more pure, and the castings produced have high performance materials.

For smelting, clean materials without oil pollution should be used to avoid electric leakage or excessive scum. The previous furnaces of a certain factory used oil-soaked scrap iron chips, which caused electric sparks in the coils. It was thought that the furnace lining material contained too much iron and caused leakage. In fact, it is because the smelted iron filings contain oil and are prone to carbon deposition. The carbon deposition part is on the cold surface of the furnace lining, even deposited in the heat insulation layer. Since the furnace lining has not been fully sintered, CO infiltrates into the back of the furnace lining, and a CO→C+O2↑ reaction occurs, and C is deposited on the cold surface of the furnace lining or the heat insulation material in the stomata. When carbon deposition occurs, it will cause the furnace body to ground and leak electricity, causing the coil to spark. It can be avoided by switching to pure materials. In another factory, because the sources of steel scrap purchased were chaotic, paint, lime, coal and other substances were even coated on the surface, resulting in a lot of scum, and a lot of manpower and material resources were consumed in the later work of slag removal.